Amniocentesis

WHAT IS AMNIOCENTESIS?

Amniocentesis is a test offered in the second trimester of pregnancy. A small sample of fluid is taken from the amniotic sac using the needle. The amniotic sac is the sac which contains the baby and the fluid around it inside the uterus. This fluid around the baby has baby’s shed cells. These cells are extracted and used to check if there is a chromosomal or any other genetic problem in the baby.

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE AMNIOCENTESIS?

Amniocentesis is offered

• If prenatal screening shows there is an increased chance of a chromosomal problem like Down syndrome,
• If an ultrasound scan identifies a structural problem in the baby that requires further testing, or
• If there is a family history of a chromosomal problem or a known genetic condition.

Getting the test done is completely your choice. We can suggest what is good practice based on evidence-based medicine. Knowing all the pros and cons, you can accept or decline the testing.

WHEN IT IS DONE?

It is usually done after 15 completed weeks.

We usually do it between 16 to 20-24 weeks. The MTP act allows termination till 24 weeks, hence we prefer, it to be done earlier than 20 weeks.

It can be done uptil any time, however, in the third trimester the number of cells in the fluid decreases, so might not be able to give any result. But if necessessary late amniocenetesis can be offered at 32 weeks .

WHOM TO CONSULT?

You can consult with Dr.Sravanthi vadlamudi. She is one of the best fetal medicine specialists and is experienced in handling lots of pregnant women to take care of their unborn baby. Contact us to get the appointment and discuss it with her.

How Is Amniocentesis Performed?

The procedure usually takes about 15 minutes. Before the process, an ultrasound is done to measure the baby and check the basic anatomy.

The abdomen is cleaned with a sterile solution to minimize infection risk for the procedure itself. Then, ultrasound is used to pinpoint a pocket of amniotic fluid safe from both the baby and the placenta. This part can take up to 10 minutes.

Then, under continuous ultrasound guidance, the doctor inserts a long, thin, hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the sac of fluid around the baby. The doctor withdraws a small amount of amniotic fluid and then removes the needle.

Sometimes, not enough fluid is removed the first time the needle is inserted. If this happens, the needle will be inserted again. Withdrawing the fluid can take a few minutes but usually takes less than 30 seconds. The baby will make more fluid to replace what’s taken out.

The amniotic fluid, which contains cells shed by the baby, is sent to the laboratory for analysis. The first level of reporting (initial confirmation) will be available in 10 to 15 days, and the final report will be available in 4 weeks.

Afterwards, the doctor may use an external fetal monitor to listen to the baby’s heartbeat for reassurance.

How Long Does It Take?

The procedure usually takes around 15 minutes to perform.

Afterwards, the patient will be monitored for up to an hour if the test causes any side effects, such as heavy bleeding.

Is Amniocentesis Painful?

Amniocentesis isn’t usually painful, but the patient may feel cramping, pinching, or pressure and uncomfortable during the procedure.

The amount of discomfort or pain varies among women.

WHAT ARE THE RISKS INVOLVED?

There is minimal risk of miscarriage about 1: 1000. We do not know why it happens or to whom it will happen. It does not cause any birth defects or any harm to the mother. The risk of infection is also very low, 1 in 1000.

WHAT HAPPENS AFTER THE PROCEDURE?

You are made to rest for half an hour after the procedure. The fetal heart beat is checked and then you are sent home. Most women have no problems, but you might have a bruise, spotting or cramping. If you do, paracetamol is safe to take. If you have a persistent pain, leaking, bleeding or a high temperature, then you need to go to the hospital.